# Qisas to fine: PPC punishments in 9 cards.

> Section 53 PPC lists the punishments: qisas, diyat, arsh, daman, ta'zir, death, imprisonment for life, imprisonment (rigorous or simple), forfeiture of property and fine. These 9 cards cover the terms in s.299 and the numbers in ss.55, 57 and 65 that come up in exams.

- Topic: Law study
- For: Law students
- A 11-slide carousel: https://failegal.site/media/qisas-to-fine-ppc-punishments-in-9-cards
- Published by FAI Legal on 2026-11-06

## The law.

Section 53, PPC.

> "The punishments to which offenders are liable under the provisions of this Code are: Firstly, Qisas; Secondly, Diyat; Thirdly, Arsh; Fourthly, Daman; Fifthly, Ta'zir; Sixthly, Death; Seventhly, Imprisonment for life; Eighthly, Imprisonment, rigorous or simple; Ninthly, Forfeiture of property; Tenthly, Fine." (Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 · Section 53)

## The terms. Cards 1 to 3.

Section 299, PPC.

- **Qisas** Similar hurt at the same part of the body, or death for qatl-i-amd. (s.299(k))
- **Diyat** Compensation under s.323, paid to the victim's heirs. (s.299(e))
- **Arsh** Compensation fixed in the Code, paid to the victim or heirs. (s.299(b))

## The terms. Cards 4 to 6.

Sections 299 and 60, PPC.

- **Daman** Compensation the court fixes for hurt not liable to arsh. (s.299(d))
- **Ta'zir** Any punishment other than qisas, diyat, arsh or daman. (s.299(l))
- **Rigorous or simple** The court can make a term wholly one, or part each. (s.60)

## The numbers. Cards 7 to 9.

Sections 57, 65, 55, PPC.

- **Life = 25 years** Only when working out fractions of a sentence. (s.57)
- **One-fourth** Default term for unpaid fine: at most 1/4 of the maximum. (s.65)
- **14 years** Most a life term can be commuted to by the Province. (s.55)

## Quick quiz. The fine.

Guess first, then swipe for the answer.

- **A. Yes**
- **B. No, 1 year at most**
- **C. No default term allowed**

## Answer: B. Section 65.

Section 65, PPC.

- **The rule** Default term cannot pass 1/4 of the maximum term.
- **The maths** 4 years at most, so 1 year at most in default.
- **Applied** Supreme Court, Crl. Petition 798-L of 2006, 22 Jan 2007.

## No commuting without consent.

Section 55, provisos.

- **Chapter XVI** Not without the consent of the victim or heirs.
- **Never** ss.354A, 376, 376A, 377, 377B.
- **Never** Where fasad-fil-arz applies.

## Group them.

Read s.53 with s.299.

- **Victim-based** Qisas, diyat, arsh, daman.
- **Ta'zir** Every other punishment.
- **The ladder** Death, life, imprisonment, forfeiture, fine.

## Revising? Ask FAI.

It answers with the exact section and the judgments behind it.

- **What is the difference between arsh and daman?**
- **Explain section 65 PPC with an example.**

## Sources

- Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 · Section 53: Punishments

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