# 10 sections every LLB student must know.

> These come up again and again, in exams, moots and the first year of practice.

- Topic: Law study
- For: Law students
- A 8-slide carousel: https://failegal.site/media/10-sections-every-llb-student-must-know
- Published by FAI Legal on 2026-10-10

## Penal Code: the big three.

You will meet these in almost every criminal case file.

- **PPC s.34** Common intention: each person liable as if he did the act alone.
- **PPC s.302** Punishment of qatl-i-amd.
- **PPC s.420** Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property. Up to 7 years and fine.

## FIR and bail.

The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898.

- **CrPC s.154** Information in cognizable cases: the FIR.
- **CrPC s.497** When bail may be taken in a non-bailable offence.
- **CrPC s.498** High Court or Court of Session may direct admission to bail.

## The High Court's big powers.

Two provisions behind many petitions you will read.

- **CrPC s.561-A** Inherent power: prevent abuse of process, secure the ends of justice.
- **Constitution Art. 199** Writ jurisdiction of the High Court.

## Civil side: start here.

The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.

- **CPC s.9** Courts try all civil suits unless their cognizance is barred.
- **CPC s.11** Res judicata: a matter finally decided cannot be tried again between the same parties.

## How to learn a section.

- **Read the full text, not a summary** Exam answers quote the words.
- **Find the provisos** Section 497 has its biggest rules in them.
- **Read one judgment applying it** That is how it works in court.

## Every section. Exact text.

Open any section in FAI, quoted from the section itself. Free to start; the Student plan is Rs. 990 a month.

## What this does not mean

- This is a starting list for students, not a full syllabus.
- The carousel names each section and its subject. It does not set out the full text, so read each section in full, provisos included.

## Questions people ask

### What is section 34 PPC?

Common intention: each person is liable as if he did the act alone.

### What is section 420 PPC?

Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property. The punishment is up to 7 years and fine.

### What is the difference between section 497 and 498 CrPC?

Section 497 is about when bail may be taken in a non-bailable offence. Section 498 lets the High Court or Court of Session direct admission to bail.

### What is section 561-A CrPC?

The inherent power to prevent abuse of process and secure the ends of justice.

### What is res judicata under section 11 CPC?

A matter finally decided cannot be tried again between the same parties.

## Sources

- Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 · Section 34: Acts done by several persons in furtherance of common intention
- Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 · Section 302: Punishment of qatl-i-amd
- Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 · Section 420: Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property
- Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 · Section 154: Information in cognizable cases
- Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 · Section 497: When bail may be taken in case of non-bailable offence
- Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 · Section 498: Power to direct admission to bail or reduction of bail
- Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 · Section 561-A: Saving of inherent power of High Court
- Constitution of Pakistan, 1973 · Article 199: Jurisdiction of High Court
- Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 · Section 9: Courts to try all civil suits unless barred
- Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 · Section 11: Res judicata

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Educational legal information, not legal advice. Every case turns on its own facts. Speak to a qualified lawyer about your situation. Review status: Pending advocate review.

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